Critically analyse why treaties on human rights do not grant rights Essay

Critically analyse why treaties on military personnel rights do not assign rights directly to individuals - Essay Examplenited Nations High Commissioner for Human rights, serviceman rights atomic number 18 inherent to all valet de chambre beings regardless of their nationality, colour, religion, language, place of residence, sex or whatever opposite identifiable status of the individual (Ramcharan, 2010). common human rights are expected to be indivisible, interrelated and interdependent and human beings should enjoy such rights without any form of discrimination. Steiner arguesthat human rights violations still occur within a state rather than high seas or outer space outside the jurisdiction of any one state (Ramcharan, 2010, p 45). In this case, states are expected to assume the obligations of protecting and fulfilling human rights to their citizens through positive actions lead to enjoyment of the basic human rights and honoring such rights (Steiner, Alston & Goodman, 20 08). The UN charter that aims at ensuring global peace and fundamental human rights has led to numerous conventions that progress to been adopted in order to protect individual human rights and protect the citizens from atrocities such as race murder and torture (Bayefsky, 2001). Majority of the rules have been codified in to customary rules of international law thus bandaging even the countries that have not ratified the conventions. Each state has the responsibility of safeguarding individual human rights within its territory, but as Turkin emphasized conventions on human rights do not grant rights directly to individuals since the rights impart vary from state to the other or from region to region due to government structures and regional treaties and declarations of human rights (Provost, 2002, p 98). In this paper, I will demonstrate that all states have a duty to respect the universal fundamental rights within territories, prohibit discrimination and have the duty to respe ct such rights and co-operate with other states in attainment of such objectives. Thesis treaties on human rights treaties grant rights directly to individuals.State

Avoiding Plagiarism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Avoiding Plagiarism - Essay ExampleThis reflection paper provides insight into my aim with researching, referencing, and writing academic papers.After a critical analysis of my writing skills, I discovered that I am very cautions with plagiarism. The college has strict policy against plagiarism, which could result in failure in my coursework or counterbalance expulsion in extreme situation. To avoid these consequences I have learned how to paraphrase my research, do quotations, and summarize material from secondary sources of information in my induce words.According to Neville (2007), it is critical for students to write in their own voice, which is a foremost factor when trying to avoid plagiarism. I am also good at critiquing other authors ideas. This gives me an opportunity to my make my own contribution to a certain root by improving on literature available. I believe that every field of research needfully new ideas which can be possible through evaluation of literature ava ilable and adding your own views. In addition, I take citations very seriously.I discovered that I rely heavily on machine formatting tools in word processing. The over reliance on auto formatting tools can be time consuming and reduces my ability to improve my writing style. According to Wong (2011), students should picture they master the difference amongst research and plagiarism. Sometimes after extensive research on a topic, I tend to cast the ideas in the same format as the author, which accessions my chances of plagiarizing my work. Therefore, I have to use anti plagiarism tools to ensure my work is original. This process can be time consuming and mastering how to avoid plagiarism would increase my confidence when writing academic papers.I have not perfected in text citations, I keep referring to class notes, and I use auto-formatting tools to ensure that all papers I write be cited properly. My plan is to

Is Charter School an Answer for Inner City Students A Study of Dissertation

Is study School an Answer for Inner City Students A Study of Inclusion Among Disadvantaged Black Male Students with Disabili - Dissertation Example Charter schools are humans schools in nature and are intended to improve the education system of any nation. They possess a degree of independence in that most of the times they charge little or no schooling and are open to any student who wishes to enroll in them. They are likewise non sectarian and do not discriminate against any student on the basis of any affiliation be it sex, religion, passage or color. They may be funded by the local authority in which it is situated, by dint of the state or national revenue like another(prenominal) public schools. These charter schools also adhere to state and federal academic standards as a benchmark in their day to day activities.The basic concept of a charter school therefore, is the exercise of increased autonomy in exchange for accountability to the relevant stakeholders. Charter sch ools are free to improvise ways of improving the general student performance and achievement through numerous ways. They might do this through offering longer school days or direct hours. This is what is at times known as remedial classes in some jurisdictions. Here, students spend more hours in class exploring ways of excelling in whatever discipline they are engaged in or are undertaking. This may occur during extended hours during week days, weekends or even during vacations or holidays. The schools may also castigate the curriculum contrary to what is set by the government to provide the learners with more time on the all important(p) or core subjects that they need most for their studies. Charter schools may also create a uncomparable school culture whereby a specific school may adopt specific themes such as performing arts, career readiness, classical education, global awareness or meeting the needs of black or autistic students (Betts and Hill, 2010). Recent research has found that inner city kids or under-served students, who attended charter schools in New York City for nine consecutive years, from kindergarten to eighth grade, would close most of the Scarsdale-Harlem achievement gap. The research also found that charter school students in this study won school admission lotteries as compared to other students in other public schools in the state (Reardon, 2009). This is further led credence by a similar study that found that students attending charter high schools in Chicago and Florida had higher morsel scores, graduation rates and college entrance rates than their peers in traditional public schools (Booker, Gill, Zimmer and Sass, 2009) It is therefore full-strength that charter schools are high achiever as they produce positive results in both childlike and middle schools. This therefore means that there should be improved participation of all stakeholders involved in the research about the viability of charter schools. This will require st rong and better policy formulation that would last lead to high-quality public charter schools. (Betts and Tang, 2008) Inclusion of black male students with disabilities into charter schools is understood to mean the consolidation of the education of male students with disabilities alongside those that are leading a normal life through fixture classroom attendance. This is prompted by the urge by different stakeholders such as the

English 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

English 2 - Essay ExampleThe essay will include a possible solution of bringing healthy restaurant that will encourage healthy feeding to avoid obesity and overweight problems amongst students.In the become three decades, Sale of fast foods in University restaurants has increased dramatically. Fast foods from retailers such as McDonald and taco cost are served school restaurants in nearly colleges and universities. Junk food and sweetened drinks are what most students at University of cobalt depend on. Most of them do so due to lack of other options. Snacks such as fries and burgers are very popular amongst students. Lack of healthy alternatives in the school restaurants make most students turn to eating junk food without considering the side effects (Havard University Web).There are several risks associated with eating fast foods, which comprise of junks and snacks. The fast foods have high level of calories in addition to excess fat. The major risk is increase in cases of ob esity and overweight. Overweight is associated with other problems such as low egoism amongst student, which can affect their academic performance. Additionally, being overweight exposes student to other disorders such as boob problems and high blood pressure. Studies have shown that food with high levels of fat slow down blood give ear since they lead to accumulation of bad cholesterol in the body (Harvard University Web).There is need for introduction of restaurants that will maintain healthier foods to curb cases of obesity and overweight amongst students at University of Colorado. Having an organic restaurant at University of Colorado would improve the food environment for the students. The best option would be opening of organic restaurant to offer foods with adequate nutritional value without risking the health of the students. Other than offering sweetened drinks, organic restaurants would

Long-Term Investment Decisions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Long-Term Investment Decisions - Assignment ExampleThe direct of administration intervention is high in an oligopolistic securities industry milieu and this situation would prevent potential mergers in the diversion industry from absorbing smaller corporations. This paper will discuss whether judicature order is needed in this industry and analyze certain potential threats to the magnification of industry through capital projects. Significance of organisation Regulation Based on a comprehensive analysis, it can be said that government regulation is essential in a market economy, in particular an oligopolistic market expression like entertainment industry. operation of social efficiency and equity argon the major reasons for government involvement in a market economy. Social efficiency can be attained at a point where the marginal benefits of every production or consumption to society are equal to marginal be of production or consumption. In addition, social equality is l ess likely to be promoted in a market environment where government intervention is insignificant. As Hyman (2007, p. 67) points out, government involvement in a market economy is particularly vital to prevent the creation of monopoly power, which in turn will result in an output level below the socially efficient level. This practice is likewise necessary to provide the public with proper instruction and to enhance market certainty. Probably, lack of certainty would persuade people to produce or consume at a level less than they would choose otherwise. Free market environments seem to respond sluggishly to shoot and supply fluctuations and this time lag in response can result in permanent disequilibrium enjoin and cause instability problems. Timely government regulation in a market economy is also crucial to promote adequate provision of dependents and adequate output of merit goods. Evidently, tools like taxes and subsidies are specifically important to address market distortio ns effectively. To illustrate, imposing tax rates equal to marginal external costs and granting subsidy rates equal to marginal external benefits are some potential strategies to resolve externalities. In short, effective government regulation is inevitable to prevent the imposition of external costs and to enhance guest protection. Rationale for Government Intervention in US Currently, the entertainment industrys long-term expansion plans through mergers are challenged by Federal government regulations. There are various reasons for the intervention of government in the market process in the US. As discussed already, today entertainment industry is an oligopolistic market, which is dominated by four main players. Evidently, the planned mergers would turn the entertainment industry into monopoly and this situation in turn would cast outly affect the interests of the society. Under a monopolistic market structure, there is no market competition and thus the market ruler is free to charge any price regardless of consumer interests. In other words, customers do not have any option other than buying the products at the rates fixed by the company. In this situation, the organization may find it profitable to produce inferior or substandard goods because customers are compelled to purchase those items without a second thought. Hence, it can be claimed that creation of a monopolistic market structure would lead to consumer exploitation and this practice may cause customer dissatisfaction. Price discrimination is another negative impact of

Organisational psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Organisational psychological science - Essay ExampleThe workplace should be a place with as little conflict as possible for it to be conducive for productivity. It is great, according to the article, to interact with the employee to resolve the problems.Moreover, a joust is provided for the most concentrated employees, with bullies at the top, along with ways to deal with them according to the behaviour they manifest. For example, the author states that a dictator is individual who likes to take charge in everything and wants to intimidate others therefore, to deal with such a person, it is best if one does non challenge them, but at the same time remains learns to say no to them with reveal being intimidated. The list of difficult employees includes bullies who like to frighten and manipulate others, martyrs who crave sympathy and often crib or so how they ar mistreated prompting guilt and attention from others, narcissists who are only involved in themselves and do not work with the team, chatterers who love to talk, serial fault finders who, as the name suggests, only like to pick out faults in the work of others, clams who are the exact opposite of chatterers and who keep to themselves, dictators who like to run the seat their own way and not accommodate others but to order them around, and finally whingers who like to complain about everything big or small.No doubt dealing with so many employees is hard on the managing director as each has his or her own individual temperaments. According to research, it is meaning(a) to first realise why the problem occurred in the first place, a topic dealt with in the article. It was put forward by experts that it is important to first deal with the problems that face the employee before trying to deal with the employee (Albright, 1978), so much so that it is important for the manger to be aware of the problems facing the employee and to eliminate them even before they start having an effect on the

Great Leader assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

capital Leader assignment - Essay Examplecapital of Nebraska was idealistic yet practical. Abraham Lincolns outstanding skills in leadership showed in any his endeavors even as a ingredient of the House of Representatives. As a great leader, Abraham Lincoln showed pure sever when he decided that America should free all the slaves and save the magnetic north. In the same way that Americas Founding Fathers did almost a atomic number 6 years before his time, Lincoln made a decision to free the people once more. In 1837, even before becoming president, Lincoln had already made it clear that he was against slavery. In 1856, he even expressed opposition towards former President Franklin Pierce when the latter allowed Nebraska and Kansas to choose for themselves whether or not to adopt slavery. His led the opposition to slavery even when he was still a member of the House of Representatives. Moreover, despite his strong involvement in the slavery issue, Lincoln helped to pass bills t hat modernized the economy in the Pre-Civil War era, with bills that promoted the constructions of canals, banks and railroads, and those that regulated tariffs (Abraham Lincoln, Biography.com, 2014). Although Lincoln was fighting against slavery when he was still a Congressman, he knew he would be more useful if he applied himself to practical aspects of the economy such as infrastructure.As a leader, Lincoln had the resolve and determination. When he became President, Lincolns skills in leadership were upchuck to a great test and one which he passed with the victory of the Union during the Civil War. Even at the expense of around 24,000 American soldiers, Lincolns leadership showed in his great moral resolve to free the slaves at any cost. The election of Jefferson Davis to the newly founded Confederacy was the blatant response of the South to Lincolns election to the presidency. Thus, in order not only to free the slaves but to save the Union and the integrity of

Constructivism and Post-Structuralism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Constructivism and Post-Structuralism - Essay ExampleConstructivisms importance and its added value for the field of battle of International Relations lie mainly in its emphasis on the ontological reality of intersubjective friendship and on the epistemological and methodological implications of this reality. He devotes an entire separate to elucidating intersubjectivity as collectively shared familiarity which both empowers and constrains actors and also defines social reality. The upshot of Adlers portrayal of constructivism is, as the title of his article suggests, that it has a excusable claim to the nerve ground, which he construes as situated between freethinking and poststructuralism. Adler identifies seizing the middle ground as the key to the constructivist project. This sound judgement is echoed by other scholars. Hopf sees constructivism as situated in the middle ground between rational filling theory and postmodernism, whilst Ted Hopf locates it between the mains tream and critical theory. Thus in define constructivism scholars make reference to recognising the material piece as existing separately of, but interacting with, the social world, the underlying role of intersubjectivity and the significance of occupying a middle-ground position. Wendts fix in the middle ground, related to a particular public opinion of identity Kratochwils reliance on an easy intersubjectivity, based on normative context and Onufs claim to an independently existing material world stub our constructions. The acknowledgement of materiality appear to be crucial.... (Katzenstein, 1998, 645-85) This takes us on to a second key part of constructivism, namely intersubjectivity. (Guzzini, 2000, 147-82). According to Adler, constructivisms importance and its added value for the study of International Relations lie mainly in its emphasis on the ontological reality of intersubjective knowledge and on the epistemological and methodological implications of this reali ty. (Adler, 1997, 319-63) He devotes an entire section to elucidating intersubjectivity as collectively shared knowledge which both empowers and constrains actors and also defines social reality. (Adler, 1997, 319-63) The upshot of Adlers portrayal of constructivism is, as the title of his article suggests, that it has a justifiable claim to the middle ground, which he construes as situated between rationalism and poststructuralism. (Adler, 1997, 319-63)Adler identifies seizing the middle ground as the key to the constructivist project. This assessment is echoed by other scholars. Hopf sees constructivism as situated in the middle ground between rational choice theory and postmodernism, whilst Ted Hopf locates it between the mainstream and critical theory. (Hopf, 1998, 171-200) Thus in defining constructivism scholars make reference to recognising the material world as existing independently of, but interacting with, the social world, the central role of intersubjectivity and the si gnificance of occupying a middle-ground position. Wendts positioning in the middle ground, related to a particular notion of identity Kratochwils reliance on an unproblematic intersubjectivity, based on normative context and Onufs claim to an independently existing material world behind our constructions. (Onuf, 1989, 45-50) The acknowledgement

ZOO Observations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ZOO Observations - subsidisition ExampleIt has a lifespan of 15 to 20 years in its natural habitat and much than 20 years when in a controlled environment, for instance, in a zoo. I discovered that the patas fiddle is a quite animal and one with a great appetite. On its alimentation habits, I observed that the monkey ate gluttonously - it fills its cheeks with food. It uses its fingers to feed itself. As a result of its quick feeding habits, the feeding measure was truly little - 3 minutes that is near 15 percent of the observation beat. I withal found the Patas monkey to be quite active. After eating, the monkey seemed excited corrosion a p landful face. It jumped as if it was dancing e truly often food went its way. I assumed its startle was a way of soliciting for more food. The jumping was carried out for nearly a minute or less, that is, about 5 percent of the observation time. It was further observed that the Patas monkey goed on its fingers. I as well noted that the monkey had a nice way of resting it leaned back and put up its feet. It spent about 5 minutes in this position of relaxing that is approximately 25 percent of the total time of observation. In the course of resting, I am not sure whether the monkey went to sleep because there be moments when it stayed still. After the sleep and relaxing, the monkey engaged in grooming and macrocosm groomed by former(a) monkeys for some time this was approximately 5 minutes (about 25 percent of the time). The patas monkey also engaged in what seemed like warm up exercises running up and down. I noted that it had an admirably great speed when it was being chased or chased other monkeys. The time spent in running up and down was about 30 percent of the observation time. Bornean orang The scientific fig for Bornean orangutan is pongo pygmaeus. I found this ape to be bored and much of the observation time was spent not doing much. It took almost fifty percent of the observation time resting. In its resting position, the ape sat upright on the ground with its hands touching the ground. During my observation time the ape did sleep for slightly two to three minutes that was about 15 percent of the observation time. When sleeping the ape lay on its back and stretched out its legs and hands. The ape did not seem to be interested in eating anything though it could reluctantly bite once or twice some fruits I threw to it. The ape did walk at some time using its four limbs the walking style is what we described as cislunar quadrupedalism in class. The ape did not seem to be in hurry when walking and I chance even if it tried to run it could not or at least it could not run very fast. Unlike the patas monkey which could ran very fast thus can well evade being caught by its predators, the Bornean orangutan did not seem like one that could be easily intimidated by predators. In the course of the observation, I neither noted any facial expression by the orangutan nor any voca l expressions. The best way to describe the ape from the observations I made is that it was a only(a) animal which did not express its feelings easily and one that seemed to be bored with its environment. It spent a sober percentage of the observation time sitting down and strolling around. I must note it was not very interesting observing the Bornean orangutan especially after having a great time with a proactive patas monkey. Western lowland gorilla The scientific name for the western lowland Gorilla is Gorilla gorilla gorilla. It was interesting watching this animal. It was quite active during the observation time. I also noted that it easily moved about. With the exception of the times when the gorilla sat down for about five minutes, I really did not see it resting. When it was sat, it was not exactly still but went

The Black Cat by Edgar Allan Poe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Black jackass by Edgar Allan Poe - Essay ExampleThe teller does not look to be the slightest troubled by the apparent loss of both his wife and his sanity. Through the narrator, Poe leads you on with a drastic chain of events and inner thoughts. He builds the story upon his detailed description of the events that took place and leads the reader into overdrive with astonishing actions. It follows that the literary element most notable in The Black Cat is Poes example of the narrators point of view to advance clean and psychological investigations. This essay then considers the narrators first person perspective and examines the shipway that it is utilized to advance the literary and memoir elements of moral structure, characterization, and narrative elements.Edgar Allen Poes subprogram of the narrators point of view in The Black Cat furthers the storys moral dilemma in many regards. One of the most prominent ways this occurs is in its consideration of the mans relation wi th his wife. While in great degree he treats her poorly and is a dysfunctional human being, she is depicted, even through his admittedly perverse perspective, to be an whole and humane individual. It follows that the womans depiction as an upstanding individual who cares for animals functions to increase the readers sympathy for her after the man ruthlessly murders her with the axe. Its also notable that the man, while feeling regret and debilitating guilt after murdering the cat, feels virtually no such guilt after murdering his wife. In these regards, the narrative reveals an element of his psychological perversion. While this event is perhaps the most significant in terms of wretched actions, one can just as easily identify his torture and eventual murder of the trustworthy cat as the narrators most strikingly perverse and immoral acts. Poe makes excellent use of the 1st person perspective in gauging the significance of this event to the narrators psyche. He

Energy Saving Potential of Green Facade in Hong Kong Dissertation

Energy Saving Potential of Green Facade in Hong Kong - thesis ExampleThe up to date technology of green wall system in other countries forget be reviewed. Existing examples were examined for assessing the potential development in s Hong Kong setting. 1.1 Objective The social, environmental and visual feeling that a green wall system can make towards providing a sustainable built environment in cities atomic number 18 accepted worldwide. One of the objectives of this dissertation is to conduct a thorough review of the modify creation principle and technology on the green wall system in evidence to maturation public understanding and awareness. Basically, the purpose of this dissertation is divided into three parts. 1.1.1 The first purpose is to fork over the findings of the desktop literature search into the worldwide green wall innovations. This includes, but is not limited to A plan definition and classification of green wall systems A list of the benefits for the public and private sectors A sketch list of the benefits for the environment 1.1.2 The second purpose is to review green walls development in Hong Kong including Review of present government pilot project and commercial project Review of constraint for the application in Hong Kong A brief of the present green construction assessment method in Hong Kong. 1.1.3 The last purpose is to demo how to demonstrate the green wall could be applied in a Hong Kong setting. ... Green walls need to be maintained routinely in order for the plants to survive. Counties that use green walls will be examined. The difference betwixt residential and commercial green walls and the purposes will be described. The green walls have different forms in order to fill the areas specific need. The irrigation, run-off and water retention of the green walls is a consideration that should be looked at in the developmental stage of a new construction project or in the construction of the green wall. All of these topics will be discussed in this section and sub-sections. 2.1 Definitions of the green walls In the accepted market there are minimal discrimination between domestic and commercial products and systems. Although there are some major differences relevant to this study. The scale of commercial green wall systems for multi-storey buildings requires a different exemplification to the domestic scale systems. The materials need to have a relatively high quality and longevity to add for the rigors of extreme conditions such as weather, pollution, and other conditions relevant to the green walls location. For example, the excessive solar radiation in the high-density urban environment would damage UV unstable materials in a short period. Structural encumbrance on the building framework to support the green wall system, wind loading in adjunct (i.e. the higher the green wall the greater the wind loadings to be induced), requires more precise structural design than with smaller scale domestic applications. Furthermore, the issue of repair and maintenance must be integrated into the building systems, rather than applied as an add-on component (Graeme, Christine, Milos and Michael Andrew 2010), such a

Wireless network design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Wireless network design - Essay faceThis paper looks at implementing wireless network in an organization. Why should one use wireless instead of the traditional wired networks, the advantages and disadvantages of wireless network and the components of wireless network. The paper also looks at the configurations for wireless network.The loudness of having wireless internet is attributed to the fact that wires or cables are not required to connect each knob on the network hence it is cheaper to install and maintain. While interface which results to packet errors and security concerns are few of the shortcoming of wireless network.When designing the wireless network, the main goal is to ensure that services, which were offered by other modes of communication, are offered even more effectively. Therefore, the same data types and services should be available to the users after implementing it.The safety and security concerns of the data on the internet must be well addressed. This is because any person can taste to access information illegally once on the network. Encryption mechanisms should be implemented to protect the privacy of the users and the organizational data. As privacy and confidentiality is ensured in the design of wireless network, the existing services of the organization should be transparent which means they should be available.The two protocols both operate in spectrum technique in 2.4 gigahertz band (in the range of 2.4 to 2.4835 GHz) with 83.5 MHz total bandwidth. 802.11 uses DSSS, CCK and OFDM techniques. The technique has method and mechanisms of adapting to noise, where the 802.11 uses 1 to 54 Mb/s signal rate to protect its protocol from noise. Adaption to noise is done in physical layer in 802.11 where it is transparent to higher layers.This wireless network has capabilities of transmission speeds going to 300Mbps. The frequency range of this technology is 2.4GHz to 5.0 GHz. It is the well-nigh recent wireless

H.W 8 GSC125-01 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

H.W 8 GSC125-01 - Essay ExampleAnswer Coriolis Effect reverses didactics between the hemispheres so that the large scale winds in the Southern Hemisphere swerve to the left rather than to the left. This snow is relate to the difference in an observers sense of earths rotation in the devil hemispheres. To an observer looking down from high preceding(prenominal) the North Pole, the planet rotates counterclockwise, whereas to an observer high above the South Pole, the planet rotates clockwise. For the observer measuring motion relative to a coordinate system anchored to the rotating Earth, this reversal in the apparent direction of rotation between the two hemispheres translates into a reversal in the direction of the Coriolis Effect.Answer The counterclockwise and inward spiral of cyclone in Northern hemisphere converge surface winds towards the midsection of the low. Air ascends in response to converging surface winds and diverging winds aloft. The adiabatic expansion of ascendi ng subscriber line within a cyclone lowers the temperature and saturation vapor pressure, thereby increasing the relative humidity of unsaturated air. Clouds and foolhardiness may eventually develop, so that cyclones are typically stormy weather

Book Review Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Book inspection - Term Paper ExampleUnfortunately most of the organizations snuff it in this remake effort. Some fail miserably but most of the organization lie some(a)where in between. According to Peter Senge in his 1999 book Dance of Change This failure to sustain signifi bedt change recurs again and again scorn substantial resources committed to the change effort (many atomic number 18 bankrolled by the top management), talented and committed heap driving the change and high stakes. The companies that fail to sustain significant change end up face crises. Despite this high failure rate the collect for change is undeniable for sustained growth. In point the sooner is the better otherwise options gets dried up and it requires heroic efforts to successfully bring change. The powerful macroeconomic forces that necessitate change are technological, international economic and open market forces. These forces simultaneously create opportunities and challenges for the organizatio ns. The phenomena that some companies successfully manage dramatic changes, while others fail, intrigued Kotter. It led him to study more than hundred organizations involved in the change effort. He believes that the defining factors between success and failure of these change initiatives in business are some critical differences. This extensive study resulted in the development of a framework. He devised an eight physique influence necessary for successful change. The most general lesson he derived from the case of successful companies is that each union has to undergo eight phases or steps in the change process without skipping any step. It requires a majuscule deal of time and care because any critical mistake at any phase can be very costly to the company. Kotters view about change is quite dissimilar to the views of the considerable majority on change management. Kotter emphasizes on leadership rather than management hence the name direct change rather than change managem ent. He negates the common perception that change is all about management. He believes that successful transformation is 70-90 percent leadership and only 10-30 percent is management. Kotter not only recognizes the complexity of organisational change but also has proposed its solution with leadership, which is neither simple nor easy, instead of a logical process to manage change as prescribed in most of the books. Kotters book is also contrastive from other books on account of its reliance on personal experience based on his exposure to companies for many years instead of drawing on other sources to bolster his arguments and conclusions. Kotter has attributed this undue emphasis on management to the mushroom growth of organizations by entrepreneurs in the twentieth century. Hundreds of mangers were required for the management of these organizations. A angiotensin-converting enzyme leader with lots of managers could fulfill the requirements of a relatively slow pace of change in business. just the ever accelerating pace of change in the fast moving world of the twenty first century, decisions need to be made quickly and cannot take the ponderous and slow route of the management style. Dynamic accommodative enterprises of todays world demand leadership. Kotter in his book has firstly identified the reasons of change programs failures and urged the richness of leadership and secondly has developed the change

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 17

Ethics - Essay Exampledogmatism is common in all religious settings where the scriptures ar accepted and acknowledged as the truth without any questions. Once an individual is a dogma and invites these believes and let them control their whole being, he or she automatically become an absolutist and decides to harbour the belief as the only existing truth and let zero point interfere with what they have come to know as the only reality (Gurvitch 135). Dogmatism is usually followed by dictatorship because once people have combine in something and recognize it as the only existing truth, and then they absolutely encircles it without having any doubts about it.Dogmatism and absolutism are basically two sides of the same coin. Once an individual believes in the perfection of a certain belief, they are inevitably forced to accept it as it is. The human mind is narrow, and it is easier to accept than to take further steps to confirm the laid down thinking (Gurvitch 134). The mind lik es simplified things no curio it does not go the distance to prove or confirm the truth.Dogmatic absolutism results to the formation of primed(p) individuals who only believe in what they know, and are not willing to accommodate further change. For instance, an individual may have a certain perspective about a family member who has been accused of a crime. The opinion of this person will not change even if the evidence bring out suggests that he is guilty. Dogmatic absolutism is evident, in this case, as the rigidity is still manifested even after evidence contrary to the belief is uncovered (Gurvitch 141). Another point of view has no use because the mind of this individual is made up and nothing can alter this belief or opinion.In religious institutions, dogmatism always leads to absolutism. This is because once a person has accepted a certain faith as the only one and the true one, then it become hard to change their opinion. They are only dedicated to that particular faith a nd any

Management information system Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Management information system - enquiry Paper ExampleAdditionally, an effective MIS should have a clearly and concisely defined guidelines, practices of policies, procedures and standards for an organization (Stair & Reynolds, 2012). It should be supportive in all the levels it is utilised in and help the organization in achieving its long depot strategic goals and objectives. This research paper discusses Management Information System (MIS) with special emphasis being lay on its capability to help organizations access, share, and use information. The researcher has used some of the iPhone MIS apps to support the effectiveness that arse be achieved in sharing, accessing and using information in an organization while using MIS software.The ease at which organization can be able to access, share and use information is one of the aspects that have gained practically consideration in the current world through the information, current challenges are communicated in time and envision measures effected before more damage is experienced. Likewise, sound strategies are implemented in a by the way manner. Modern organizations have been relying on MIS to order, organize, manage, and to manipulate the large amount of data and information generated for their various activities. AIS refers to a model that businesses entities use to manage their monetary data to be used by consultants, managers, auditors, regulatory organizations among others (Khurana, 2010). Accountants use AIS so as to ensure that businesss record keeping and all financial proceeding are accurate and that they are easily accessible by persons and agencies who are legitimate to obtain them. AIS likewise plays another major role in ensuring that all the above types of records and data are safe (Gupta, 2011).The race at which organizations are able to share information is a very essential aspect that innovative businesses are giving much emphasis. Intradepartmental and interdepartmental interaction b etween various

Maketing analysis of cheese pizza Essay Example for Free

Maketing analysis of cheese pizza EssayCheese pizza is a consumer product that is bought to satisfy individuals personal wants. It is a shopping product that requires comparison shopping because it is usually more expensive and found in fewer stores. It is not as popular as pizza box and pizza hut, but it is an relatively impudently product in the commercialize and offers an alternative for customers with different wants. Cheese pizza is now at the yield stage. It is experiencing increasing rate of sales, entrance of competitors, market consolidation, initial healthy profits. It has been expanding to 14 branches within half a year.Its main strategy is to attract customers by setting relatively low prices , so most of its branches argon near public housing estates . The target customers of cheese pizza are just ordinary mass , whose affordability is similar to students. Though it focuses mainly on tamp down out services , it lowers the dine in be to 40% of its take out one. The operation of cheese pizza stores is simple and easy, there are dilate guidance for food-making procedures and the ingredients required, the precisely thing the staff need to do is to follow the instructions.After calculation , they call that it is more economical and safe to put sources on cooking utensils rather than on labors , so a pizza oven is equipped in each branch. It is easy to use the oven- theres the raw pizza with toppings on left hand side, after 6 minutes, a well-cooked pizza go out be make believe on the right hand side. As a result, much costs are saved. Besides the set strategy mentioned above, cheese pizza also adapts other marketing mix strategies. For example, product strategy.It expands different types of tastes and toppings from onion, pepper, pepperoni, ham, mushroom-shaped cloud only to pineapple, beef, pork, chicken, bacon, tomato ,egg, jalapano and peach inclusive. It also has frequent product modification on the pizza grapheme. Second, statist ical distribution strategy. It has expanded the number of dealers- opening more and more branches. At the beginning , there are only several stores of cheese pizza, but now there are branches in Fanling, Tuen Mun, Yuen Long, Tin Shui Wai, Tai po , Shatin, Kwai Fong, Hung Hom, Tsuen Wan and Tung Chung etc.Cheese pizza also tries its best to establish long relationships with wholesalers and retailers. Lastly, promotion strategy. Cheese pizza is trying its best to stimulate selective demand. For instance , it softens the hardness of fry chicken by adding more oil . Up till now, cheese pizza has set up 16 branches, and is expanding rapidly with a speed of 2 new branches in a month. Such an acquisition implies the high standard of the cheese pizza made.In fact, each piece of cheese pizza and its timber are strictly monitored , so as to make sure the pizza is solely cooked with high quality of raw materials. For example, the weight and size of a fired chicken is under strict control , as it will be over-fired if it is too small, and it will not be tasty if it is too large. They make sure every raw material used is of the highest quality , and they will not fry any chicken until an outrank is made. In the process of making the pizza, cheese pizza is the only one pizza restaurant that uses chromatic oil.The cost of using olive oil is high, but the pizza made from it smells good and will not be too oily, most of all , people will not get food stagnancy after eating . Conclusion In this project, we have been working intensively into Cheese Pizza and trying to find out ways that the lodge can increase its market shares. We have identified the companys strengths and weakness. We have also showed the current positioning of Cheese Pizza and its competitors. Cheese Pizzas current segmentation strategy as well as its importance were also analyzed.Finally, based on all the analysis, we recommended a new product for Cheese Pizza. It is hoped that Cheese Pizza will conti nue to take its advantage and make improvements from time to time, so as to increase more and more branches and to increase its market shares.References http//blog. yahoo. com/_VI2LRCBUJLT5L6PNJKMLDAAW6Y/articles/29299 http//www. openrice. com/restaurant/reviews. htm? shopid=38341tc=sr1listpage=2 http//www. cheesepizza. hk/index. html.

Last two hundred years Essay Example for Free

Last two hundred years EssayThe 19th and 20th centuries are very rich about inventions that changed our lives. The railroad car is one of those inventions changed multitudes lives. Short after its invention political machine became a indispensability in daily life sentence to a greater extent than being luxury or a symbol of nobility. straighta charge the numbers of cars are close to half of earths population. Almost every(prenominal) family in developed countries owns a car. The elevator car has had the superlative topics on our lives in last two hundred years because it is a necessity, it has an alpha effect on the world economy and it needs our lives directly. There are some reasons why automobiles become a necessity in todays life which of those reasons are being the cheapest, fastest and easiest way to travel when compared against other inventions desire planes, ships or trains. Before the invention of automobiles humanity used to travel with domestic animals, which cause more expanses than, cars do in todays conditions. A traveler has to pay great amounts of money to travel from one town to other to the animals owner also if someone owns his own animal it willing probably costs much more because he has to feed and look after that animal. Even today when compared against planes, ships or trains the automobile is still the cheapest way to travel. The automobile is also the fastest way to travel when compared to old traveling methods. For example horse tolerate riding from France to Germany will take months while driving the same distance with a car will take a day or less.The last important thing that made automobile a necessity is its being the easiest way of traveling and transportation. Traveling with automobiles gives people emancipation of going wherever they wishing only thing they have to do is to have wish of going and the money to afford an automobiles expanses. The automobile gives a freedom of traveling which other traveli ng methods do not offer. Trains are limited with the rail whereas planes are also limited with aerostations but cars can reach everywhere roads reach and plane far. Today automobile is a necessity like sleeping or eating. The busses people go their run with, the lorries that people transport their goods, the ambulances that pitchs peoples lives and wads uncountable more examples in that respect are which shows us how necessary automobiles are. As a result a necessity is something that affects peoples lives deeply. Without cars it will be impossible to the things we do in daily life like traveling, transporting and reaching.Another important point that makes the automobile effect on peoples life is its effect on world economy with the automobile industry and its subsidiary industries like car accessories. Today almost every developed countrys economy is found on the automobile industry while developing countries depend on the automobile industry also. A large rate of world tra de is about automobiles. For instance there are big car companies in both Europe and USA that has big factories in which millions of people work.This causes a great income for the world economy and keeps it running. Because economies depend on and based on the automobile, peoples lives are depended on automobile and this is why this invention affects humans lives too much. Peoples are depended on the automobile economically because dissever of peoples job involves cars, lorries, trucks or buses and also lot of peoples job is to produce vehicle. For those reasons the automobile affects peoples lives too much as an economic support, it is what people earn their lives from.The last and the most important reason why the automobile affect peoples lives are because it affects their lives with its side effects like taint, accidents, transportation and automobile based lifestyles. All kinds of automobiles are based on the same principle, which is the creation of energy by using petrol and its side products. As a result automobiles produce harmful gases and release them through the air people breathe. Automobiles pollute the air and are a danger for all living creatures with the air pollution it causes. In addition to air pollution automobile also causes sound pollution with the sound of horns and motors, which depress people and constitute negative amicable effects on them. Because automobile is the fastest way to achieve somewhere, the wrong use of it causes accidents resulting with injuries or level deaths.As a result deaths and injuries cause incorrigible social effects like depression and felo-de-se because it affects people negatively. With the automobile, transportation becomes easier and more common. That created an enormous effect on trade, which also means an enormous effect on peoples lives because it affects economy with this way, which means an affect on the way people, earns their lives. The last direct effect the automobile created on peoples lives is that some lives are based on the automobile passion. For example car and motor racers,Harley Davidson cycles collectors, Chevrolet fans and lots more. Because of those reasons the automobile is a piece of peoples lives that affects them directly with a lot of reasons.In conclusion the automobile has had the greatest effect on peoples lives because it become a piece of their life with its usage and effects. It is the invention that gave man freedom of traveling wherever he wants, it changed his life and it is a necessity of life for him. In todays world cars save peoples time, power and even lives. The automobiles allow people to reach places quickly, lorries, trucks carry their goods and finally ambulances save lives. All those create enormous effects on peoples lives.

Louise Essay Example for Free

Louise EssayThe hi falsehood is entitled by a cleaning cleaning charrs name, therefore it gives a foreshadowing that the account will be nearly a woman or a girl named Louise. The first sentence begins with the personal pronoun I, which means that the story is written in the first person. Thus, taking into consideration that the author is a man, take down before the find step uping, it is possible to suppose that the story will be about a woman who has left a great impression about herself. Usually it is a good impression even if it is about a one-way love. Thats wherefore from the very beginning the story has surprised me much, beca intent it begins with the sentences I could never understand why Louise bothered with me.She dislike me and I knew that behind my back she seldom lost the opportunity of saying a disagreeable amour about me. Such statement (she disliked me) is a challenge for a curious reader and makes him read up to the end and find the reasons. Having r ead the story Louise I can say that the main radical of it is the relationships between people. The problem which the author raises is that some people can play on their neighbours feelings very easily. They use any possibility to do it. In case of the main character, Louise, it is her mystic heart disease. She could convince everybody, including herself, in its existence and there have not been any attempts to argue, before the vote counter has done it. He tells the story in an ironic way, but at first it is a hidden irony.He does not newsmonger on the events, he that presents them. For example, while Louises first economise Tom Maitland wants the narrator to intend in her bad condition and for that oxymoron shes dreadfully delicate and metaphor her biography hangs on a thread are used, the narrator brings the proofs of an absolutely different state of things, using the antithesis in parallel constructions I had noticed that if a party was amusing she could dance till five i n the morning, but if it was hushed she felt very poorly and Tom had to take her home early. In such way, without any remark, just using antithesis in order to show how Louises words contradict her movements, the author shows the irony of the item Of course it will kill me, she said It didnt kill her. Her friends asked her why she did not marry again. Oh, with herheart it was out of the question, she answered A year after Toms death, however, she allowed George Hobhouse to lead her to the altar. The uttered represented speech shows the way of Louises usual behavior and produces the necessary military force on the reader. And even that fact that she always repeated to her husbands that she wouldnt animated long and the fact that she outlived both of them produces an ironic effect. I cypher, it is possible to say that all Louises life is one big antithesis, because she has lived more than forty years softly making other people do what she wants but constantly repeating I hate the thought of anyone sacrificing themselves for me.All people who surrounded her come across her with such epithets a frail, delicate girl with expectant and melancholy eyes, dreadfully delicate, the about gentle wife and no one has ever thought that it was just a mask. lone(prenominal) the narrator has mentioned the possibility of its existence Perhaps she knew that I alone saw her face behind the mask and she hoped that quite or later I too should take the mask for the face. And only at the end of the story he reveals his truthful attitude to her. He expresses his irony about her behavior openly and says I think youve carried out a bluff for twenty-five years. I think youre the most selfish and monstrous woman I have ever known. You ruined the lives of those two unhappy men you married and now youre way out to ruin the life of your daughter. Again the antithesis is used. Firstly the narrator himself describes her as a frail, delicate girl with large and melancholy eyes an d then from his own words she appears to be a selfish and monstrous and even a devilish woman. Only now it is possible to answer why Louise bothered with the narrator. Only he has seen her real face. The plot structure of the story Louise is as following 1. There is no exposition. The instruction of the action begins from the first sentence I could never understand why Louise bothered with me. 2. The rising action is almost the whole story3. The climax is in the last dialogue between the narrator and Louise. 4. The falling action is a wedding of Louises daughter 5. The denouement is Louises death.The elements of plot are reproducible chronologically. The line of narration is straight. There are two main characters Louise and the narrator himself, where Louise is an antagonist and the narrator is a protagonist. There arealso some flat characters such as Tom Maitland, the first husband of Louse George Hobhouse, her second husband, and her daughter Iris. Making a conclusion, I want to say that this is a true to life story, which can happen anywhere (the author does not even point to a position where the actions have been developing).To my mind, he decided to write this story because Louise really had impressed him much. It seems to me that in some cases he even admires the ability of this woman to make everything in a way she wants it to be done. It produces such effect that she dies at the day of her daughters wedding only because she wants to show that she is really ill and has had make up that her daughters wedding will kill her. I think it is very topical nowadays, because a lot of people wear their masks in order not to show their real faces and intentions.

The Executive Branch Essay Example for Free

The administrator Branch EssayI.The president of the United States George W. Bushi.Requirements to Hold Office You must be at least thirty-five years old, a natural innate(p) citizen of the United States, and a resident of the US for no less than quartetteteen years.ii.Duties and Powers The chair must execute laws, commission all officers of the United States, and crack or convene both houses. It is also a duty of the death chair to pass and regulate laws. With the civilize of the Senate he whitethorn make treaties. He can appoint ambassadors, globe ministers, judges of the Supreme Court, and former(a) officers of the United States. The President is named the commander in chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, as well.iii.Length of marge of Office The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall apprehend his Office during the Term of four Years. (Article II of the Constitution) Also, according to the twenty-second amendment the President can not traveling bag office more than two terms.iv.Appointment Presidential elections are held once every four years. In smart set to vote you must be a U.S. citizen of eighteen years of age or older. The votes are counted by popular and electoral votes. The majority decision of popular votes goes to choose the electoral votes for that state.v.Salary $400,000-plus $50,000 non-taxable expense accountII. wrong President of the United States Richard B. Cheneyi.Requirements You must be at least thirty-five years old, a natural born citizen of the United States, and a resident of the U.S. for no less than fourteen years.ii.Duties and Powers Presiding officer of the U. S. Senate. If something were to happen to the President the Vice President will take over his position as President and his duties. In the senate, he may make the decision to break a tied vote.iii.Length of Term of Office He has a four year term along with the president.iv.Procedure for Election or Appointment The President and Vice President widen as a pair. If the Vice Presidents partner, the candidate for President, is elected then he too will take on the responsibility of the office with him.v.Salary $192,600-plus $10,000 taxable expense account.III.Cabineti.Requirements Must be approved by the Senateii.Duties and Powers individually department has its own set of rules. See each department below for explanations.iii.Length of Term of Office President may alter at leisure.iv.Procedure for Election of Appointment Appointed by the President with approval of Senate.v.Salary $166,700-however, it may vary by department.vi.Departmentsa.Department of Agriculture- Secretary, Ann M. Veneman Watches over agricultural production to make sure prices are fair and feed is safe to eat.b.Department of Commerce- Secretary, Donald L. Evans works to promoteinternational trade, economic growth, and technological advancement.c.Department of Defense- Secretary, Donald H. Rumsfeld in charge of overseeing everything related to the nations military security, directs Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force. Also responsible for flood control, reading of oceanographic resources, and management of oil reserves.d.Department of Education- Secretary, Roderick R. Paige Administers more than one hundred fifty federal education programs, including student loans, migrant worker training, vocational education, and special programs for the handicapped.e.Department of Energy- Secretary, Spencer Abraham Accountable for the research and development of energy technology energy conservation.f.Department of Health and Human Services- Secretary, Tommy G. Thompson Manages Social Security funds Medi deal out and Medicaid offers social go works to control preventable and infectious diseases.g.Department of Housing and Urban Development- Secretary, Melquiades R. Martinez Supports community development conducts fair- lodgement laws provides affordable housing and rent subsidies.h.Departmen t of the Interior- Secretary, Gale A. Nortan Protects the natural environment develops the countrys natural resources manages national parks, monuments, rivers, etc.oversees wildlife refuges, research centers, and environmental protection of public land.i.Department of Justice- Secretary, John Ashcroft Supervises U.S. district attorneys and marshals, federal prisons and other penal institutions represents the government in legal matters and gives legal advice to President and/or other members of the Cabinet administers immigration laws.j.Department of Labor- Secretary, Elaine L. Chao Protects rights of workers helps to improve working conditions encourages good relations between churn and management.k.Department of State- Secretary, Colin L. Powell Advises the president on foreign-policy issues maintains relations between foreign countries and the U.S. negotiates treaties and agreements with foreign nations.l.Department of Transportation- Secretary, Norman Y. Mineta Sets the nation s transportation policy supervises the brim guard.m.Department of the Treasury- Secretary, Rosario Marin Reports to Congress and the President on the financial state of the government and the economy regulates the interstate and foreign sales event of alcohol and firearms regulates tax laws and collects Federal taxes.n.Department of Veterans Affairs- Secretary, Anthony J. Principi presents benefits and services to veterans and their dependents such as offering a medical care program or education.o.Department of Homeland Security- Secretary, Tom Ridge its goals are to prevent terrorist attacks within the U.S. reduce Americas pic to terrorism and minimize the damage and recover from attacks which do occur.

Greed for Money Essay Example for Free

Greed for capital EssayToday, greed for money, together with greed for power, is one of the forefront causes of human misery. No wonder our Lord put as his first beatitudes Blessed be the silly in spirit. Poverty in spirit is the opposite of greed for money, for it means detachment from material things united with trust in God as the that Savior. People cheat other people for money. They cast friends for money.Members of the same family sometimes parents and children quarrel and sue each other in court over money. deliverer was very well aware that money would rival God in the eyes of many people. That is why he warned No man can serve two masters, you cannot serve God and money. He himself was the victim of greed. In the end, He was betrayed for thirty pieces of silver by Judas. It takes real grace to see the conquering of money and the emptiness of its promises.Aspiring politicians have heard of the sad end of Ferdinand Marcos, and other dictators whose billions bene fit only the Swiss banks but not those who robbed their own people. And yet given the opportunity, how many will resist the lure to take advantage of ones public trust? In the song Hello Dolly, it says Money my dear is like manure. It is good for nothing unless it is spread around to make your things grow. Many of us are rather more fascinated by the manure and love to store it, more than to share it.

‘Never Let Me Go’ and ‘My Sisters Keeper’ Essay Example for Free

Never Let Me Go and My Sisters Keeper evidenceBoth Never Let Me Go by Kazuo Ishiguro and My Sisters Keeper by Jodi Picoult explore issues that argon wide discussed but rarely put into practice. For example the most famously known cloned experiment is Dolly the sheep which was in 1996 and there have been very few cases where a family have decided to create another shaver for the use of medical reasons, the frontmost case of this in the UK was in 2002. Both novels focus on raft or one person who have been created for the use of other mickle. Both of the novels are coming of develop stories, in which the main characters question their identity as they grow into young adults. Anna was created for a bone center field conferrer for her sister. As a young child Anna has had no control over the purpose her life, until she reaches xiii and she starts to become aware that she is could change the situation and so finds a lawyer, and asks him for help. In Chapter One she says I was innate(p) for a specific purpose.I was born because a scientist managed to hook up my mothers egg and my fathers sperm to create a specific combination of precious genetic material. In Never Let Me Go Kathy along with many others is a clone that was created as an organ donor for the use of other people or originals as they are referred to in the novel. Kathy struggles to understand her true bulge in the world. Like Anna, Kathy also questioned her identity and has been confused and frustrated about who she really is. There are several points throughout the novel where Kathy looks through magazines to try and find her original. She continues to question her past and her childhood and as she explores her history, readers are able to have a clear understanding of who Kathy is and why she has found it difficult to notice an identity.The Authors explore the moral question of how scientific and medical advances are able to benefit other people. This a present day issue which whitethorn challenge the readers views on alternative solutions to medical issues and their views on the regard as of human life and the importance of identity. At the start of My Sisters Keeper Annas prologue sets the tone of the novel. She says In my first memory, I am three years old and I am trying to kill my sister. This may provide the readers with a subtle hint of what is going to happen. It reveals her honesty even at such a young age with her desire to have her own identity. This continues with As we got older, I didnt seem to exist, moreover in relation to her.However in Never Let Me Go the readers are instantly introduced into Kathys. She negotiation about working and so the readers believe she has a job as a career for people who are donors, yet they dont know that she is also a donor so the readers leave alone perceive her as a convention person. Also within the first chapter of Never Let Me Go Kathy talks about herself, Tommy and pathos who are her closest friends throughout the book. Ishiguro introduces the characters with strong personalities, as is shown through Tommys expressive release of his anger, He began to scream and shout and he was raving, flinging his limbs about, at the sky, at the wind. Kathy and Ruth are also seen as average children with their laughing, talking and sniggering. For the readers the characters are automatically seem as normal children.

Social Psychology Essay Example for Free

Social Psychology Essay fightf be represents a complex phenomenon with stomach be conceptualized through multiple perspectives, including an historical, a sociological and a psychological point of view. This type of organized trespass is inherent to human nature, and can be observed since the dawn of humankind, characterizing both civilized and primitive societies. Wars and fortify conflicts in general, radically disrupt the normal course of life and human style and whitethorn practise detrimental effects on physical and mental health and social and monetary well-being (Piachaud, 2007).War deprives individuals and communities of major human and material resources and eventually leads to the breakdown of societal structires, giving rise to states of chaos and sedition (Pedersen, 2002). Given that aggression constitutes a primal human instinct, wartime is a period where aggressive actions frequently remove extreme levels and ar usually rationalized by some(prenominal) kind of ideological manifesto. During war, otherwise ordinary and sound stack may be engaged in various atrocities and display unnecessary or extreme cruelty in the name of several(prenominal) racial, religious, political social or other values and beliefs.In the last few decennarys, the breakdown of communism in Eastern European countries has led to a momentous shift in the spheres of global domination and to major modifications in international relationships. As a issue of these radical geopolitical changes, the world community has witnessed m either bloodstained regional armed conflicts, including the wars in causality Yugoslavia, Iraq, Sudan and Uganda. It is estimated that almost 30% of the world population is currently engaged in or experiencing the impact of some form of war.In recent years, the majority of political ideologies has gradually lost significant grounds and has been substituted by national, racial and religious ideologies (Jost, 2006). These emerging ideo logical contructs present proven a useful tool in governments premeditated agendas to fanaticize people, rationalize war and strength and manipulate public opinion. However, despite these historical transitions, major financial interests and the struggle for power and profit remain the deeper causes of most armed conflicts worldwide.The civil war in precedent Yugoslavia in the 1990s was a regional conflict which rattled the Old Continent and lead to a series of major geopolitical changes. In the battlefields of former Yugoslavia, former neighbors and friends were turned intro enemies, a mold which progressively set in motion the vicious circle of violence. That war was founded on peoples religious and national differences and was characterized by unprecedented atrocities.The Srebrenica massacre represents a hallmark of civil war unconstraint and concord to the Institute for War and Peace, it probably constitutes the larger scale genocide in European ground since the World War II. In this event, a significant percent of the Srebrenica male population were brutally killed by Serbo-bosnian troops and the rest inhabitants, including women, children and elderly civilians, were forced to leave their homes.In a similar vein, during the first decade of the current century the international community has been witnessing the consequences of the civil conflict in Darfur between Sudanese of Arabic and of African origin. This war has been characterized by unspeakable ferociousness and multiple episodes of mass murdering and genocide pull in been officially reported. It is roughly estimated that the Darfur conflict has so far lead to the death of almost 400,000 people and the violent shift of even more and despite the truce recently signed by both sides, hostilities have neer actually ceased in the region.The armed conflicts in former Yugoslavia and Darfur, among people vivacious in close contact, in some instances among friends and relatives, has shed valuable light to the mechanisms through which war dehumanizes and lets loose the most destructive instincts and tendencies residing in human beings. Modern research in the field of social psychology has systematically attempted to list and eluminate normal and abnormal human behavior at times of war and societal turmoil. Most sociologists suss out that war is triggered by the desire to dominate over other people.This desire is rooted in the experience of oncoming threats against autonomy and existence. People attack and wish to eliminate other people, when they perceive them as threats to their psychological, financial and physical existence and prosperity. In this respect, even attackers and hurtrs may feel that they justifiably defend themselves, their families and their most native beliefs through their unspeakable actions (Summerfield, 1997) Social psychology suggests that war is a massive phenomenon of organized and rationalized aggression, which may stomach alibi for people to c ommit the most atrocious crimes in the name of just cause.During war, violence becomes blind, dupes be deprived of their human characteristics and qualities and these processes enhance the act of destruction and murder. It is much easier to torture and murder people when the dupes are viewed as inferior, worthless or evil and dangerous. Leaders who wish to manipulate the public opinion into advocating for war are systematically engaged in demonizing propagandas. In addition, during war, murderers and torturers have the opportunity to hide their criminal behavior in the anonymity of the mob, down the stairs the confusion and total disruption of everyday living provoked by the war state.Commonly in wartime, social systems, including lego-judiciary procedures, are disrupted and chaos prevails (Summerfield, 1997). Under these circumstances, individuals who commit crimes in wartime are rarely held accountable, especially when they are in the winning party and their aggression is addres sed towards the enemies. question has consistently shown that the social context plays a significant role in the generation of massive violence and social influences may shape individual behaviors.War crimes and mass murders are not necessary the fragmented actions of psychopathic personalities. These animosities are usually being committed by ordinary people who find themselves under extreme conditions. Any person is capable of exhibiting extreme and violent behaviors when facing threats to his/her survival and autonomy. In addition, individuals are defenseless to the influence of the mob and can be easily carried away in actions and behaviors which violate any known moral and societal rule (Raafat et al, 2009).These vulnerabilities commonly serve as vehicle for the spreading of several racial and religious prejudices which ultimately lay the foundations of all kinds of racist ideologies. The presence of financial adversity and sociopolitical mental unsoundness may further cont ribute to the strengthening of racist beliefs and subsequently a significant portion of auberge may eagerly support or even actively participate to inhumane actions of destruction including pagan cleansing and genocide, abolishing any sense of morality and humanity.Experiencing or witnessing war atrocities, either as a victim or as a perpetrator, may have significant psychosocial negative consequences on individuals. Several investigations have shown that war victims may suffer from a variety of psychopathological symptoms, mainly post- injurytic stress disorder and depression. Moreover, torture and extreme violence have emerged as significant predictors of psychological disturbance (Steel et al, 2009). Children appear extremely vulnerable to the detrimental effects of war either directly or indirectly exposed to combat cerebrate traumatic experiences (Peltonen et al, 2010).These negative sequelae may manifest themselves late and last for many years following the answer of the c onflict. Apart from the psychosocial impact on civilians, research has recently reveal that soldiers and war veterans who have witnessed or participated in tortures, rapes and mass murders, may also suffer from a variety of psychological difficulties including post-traumatic stress disorder, mood disorders, psycho disorders and substance abuse (Gaylord, 2006).In addition, veterans frequently complain of vague somatic symptoms, poor general health and disturbed quality of life (Levy et al, In a recent study by Killgore et al (2008), veterans who have been exposed to significant human trauma and have killed during combat displayed, after deployment, major risk-taking behaviors including alcohol abuse, oral and physical violence. War veterans and especially those engaged in extreme violence, may suffer from moral trauma which adversely affects all aspects of human living (Litz et al, 2009). attackive behaviors constitute a self-perpetuating phenomenon where being a victim of violent abuse may lead either to attitudes of further self- using or to patterns of abusing and aggressive behavior towards others. In wartime, the basic rules that normally govern the harmonious coexistence and cooperation of individuals within the social context are fundamentally challenged and peoples actions are guided by the instinct of self-preservation.In any case, the display of extreme violence by ordinary and otherwise sensible individuals during war may be the result of previous victimization and abuse or may represent a misguided attempt of self-defense against an actual or imaginary danger. The international community has increasingly exhibited a marked sensitivity towards victims of genocide and has repeatedly advocated the cautionary punishment of war criminals, starting from the Nuremberg Trial and reaching the more recent events in Srebrenica and Darfur.However, there is clam up a great amount of skepticism, given that its motivation may not always be wholly humanitarian , but also political and strategic, given that international forums and organizations occasionally display selective and carefully designed humanitarian concerns which conveniently fit certain governments tactical aims. It is common knowledge that the conviction of war criminals has never proven panacea in societys attempts to control aggression and prevent armed conflicts and war-related crimes.In addition, taking official military actions to impose peace and protect civilians has always been an issue of much pass and major controversy in the context of political and ethical discussions (Deutscher, 2005). The resolution of these controversies possibly lies in the pass of unbiased scientific research in the field of humanitarian disciplines. Sociological and psychological research may provide useful insight in the causes, mediators and consequences of massive violent behaviors, which could guide the implementation of prevention strategies. sort of of designing holy crusades and se eking skape-goats to curse and condemn, governments and policy makers should also focus on the fact that a large part of the society has been exhibiting marked tolerance or even active participation in atrocities and extreme cruelty during war. This observed societal consent in massive destruction and aggression should shock the public opinion and possibly constitutes a major humanitarian concern and a potential prey for intervention.Although the concept of individual duty can not be all discarded as non-existent in periods of war and anarchy, there is a growing awareness that in grievous times different dynamics govern human behavior and these processes should be taken into consideration when implementing preventive measures. Individuals function in an entirely different way when they are part of a larger group and especially when this group operates according to the mentality of a mob.To eliminate evil, society should conceptualize violence as an inherent characteristic of livi ng creatures in the struggle for physical and psychological survival and try to understand its origin and mediating factors, without blinders, prejudices or anathemas. provided when the mechanisms underlying organized violence and war cruelty are fully described, analyzed and comprehended, one can begin to hope that nations and people will eventually obtain immunity to the manipulations performed by tyrants and demagogues, and as a consequence the heavy toll of war on humanity may finally start to weaken.ReferencesDeutscher, M. (2005). The responsibility to protect. Med Confl Surviv, 21(1) 28-34. Gaylord, K. M. (2006). The psychosocial effects of combat the frequently unseen injury. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am, 18(3) 349-57. Jost, J. T. (2006). The end of the end of ideology. Am Psychol, 61(7) 651-70. Levy, B. S. Sidel, V. W. (2009). health effects of combat a life-course perspective. Annu Rev Public Health, 30 123-36. Litz, B. T. , Stein, N. , Delaney, E., Lebowitz, L. , Nash, W. P. , Silva, C. Maguen, S. (2009). Moral injury and moral even out in war veterans a preliminary model and intervention strategy. Clin Psychol Rev, 29(8) 695-706. Pedersen, D. Political violence, ethnic conflict, and contemporary wars across-the-board implications for health and social well-being. Soc Sci Med, 55(2) 175-90. Peltonen, K. Punamaki, R. L. (2010). Preventive interventions among children exposed to trauma of armed conflict a literature review.Aggress Behav, 36(2) 95-116. Piachaud, J. (2007). Mass violence and mental healthtraining implications. Int Rev Psychiatry, 19(3) 303-11. Raafat, R. M. , Chater, N. Frith, C. (2009). Herding in humans. Trends Cogn Sci, 13(10) 420-8. Steel, Z. , Chey, T. , Silove, D. , Marnane, C. , Bryant, R. A. van Ommeren, M. 2009). Association of torture and other potentially traumatic events with mental health outcomes among populations exposed to mass conflict and displacement a

Montessori Philisophy Essay Example for Free

Montessori Philisophy Essay demonstrationThe electric razor at birth appears almost nada. He whoremaster non walk, cannot talk and he cant unconstipated eat on his own. The same baby within twain socio-economic classs learns so much. He can walk, run, talk continuously. maria Montessori calls the pip-squeak during this formative placecome, a Spiritual Embryo. The human beings being is provided with 2 embryonic periods. One is pre-natal and another one post-natal. The pre-natal period is the period when the physical discipline takes head. All beings subject area precisely pre-natal period. But the human being has another embryonic period which is post-natal. Any living organism at present after birth swallows to walk, eats on his own and it will be a complete animal whereas the man has a prolonged infancy in order to wrench mugwump.Montessori biographyAn Italian educator of the early 20th century Maria is remembered as the founder of the famous Montessori M ethod of education Maria Montessori was natural in the town of Chiaravalle in the province of Ancona, Italy on 31 august 1870She developed stake and biology became her great passion. She persisted and became the first woman in Italy to earn the degree of doctor of medicine. She was appointed at the psychiatric clinic in the University of Rome. She worked with special need baby birdren and became deeply interested in their education. In 1904 she was appointed as professor of anthropology at the university. She died in 1952.Birth of a methodIn 1906, she was appointed as a co-director of a new training institute for special education teacher. Her studies led her to observe the method of pedagogics children with intellectual and instructional disabilities. Mevery of the children made unexpected gains and the program was proclaimed success. In 1907, Maria pass judgment a new challenge to open infant school in a slum headroom reho using program in Rome. The first school, in sanLore nzo, It was called Casa dei bambini, a quality learning environment for young children. Utilising scientific observations and experience gained from her earlier work from young children she designed learning clobbers and environment that foster the children natural commit to learn. In 1910, the Montessori Method became worldwide creating a new education.New EducationThe new education is a revolution but a revolution without violence. It is the non-violent revolution. (Maria Montessori, The Absorbent sagaciousness, Translated from Italian by Claude A.claremont.Newyork,1967,p.215) Dr. Maria Montessori called for a revolution in society to human development and education. agree to the philosophy of new education lawsuit building is a question of auto construction and children mustiness be helped in their own work of constructing their character. There is only one problem, and it is human development in its totality once this is achieved in either unit-child or nation everything else follows spontaneously and harmoniously (Maria Montessori, To Educate the human authorization, kalashetra publication,adyar,madras,1961,p 13.)The aim of education is the balanced development of personality-the completely personality, the integrated personality.Spiritual embryoMontessori compared the process of psychological and uncanny development to the physical flowering of human organism. This post natal work is a constructive activity which is carried on the baby what whitethorn be called the formative period and it bring ons the baby into a kind of spiritual embryo. A new born child has no hereditary models of behaviour to follow nevertheless he has potentialities able to bring closely his development, and these are done by making use of outer world.The times have changed, turning its charge and energies to the discovery of the child and the development of the great potentialities of the human personality in course of construction (Maria Montessori, husking of the child, ABC-clio ltd,1948)Maria Montessori called these potentialities as nebulae as they are the creative energy which guides the child to absorb from his environment. The growth and amiable of childs development are driven by an will office staff and a snappy force called horme that makes the child to do what he call for to develop. Only nature, which has established certain laws and determined the inevitably of the human being in course of development, can dictate the educational method to be followed. According to Montessori on that point are eight natural laws. truth of workMontessori describes through work the urge of child is met and his concentration to activity also increases and the child reaches a psychic integration state of normalisationLaw of independenceThe child conquest of independence is the basic step in what is called his natural law of development. At birth the child leaves his mother womb and this makes him independent of his bodily process. To be indepe ndent the child must function without the help of others.Development of willMontessori believes that decision made by the child on any activity and action interpreted by the child is the basic for will development. There are 3 stages of development in will. In first stage the inside urge directs him to do the activity some(prenominal) times by which he gains control over himself and his environment. In countenance stage he gains strength over himself and gets disciplined and accepts the responsibility for his action. In third stage the child gains top executive to obey. The child turns his power of obedience towards someone else.Power of attentionWhen the child is placed in a environment easy to his spiritual growth, the child fix his attention upon an object, will use it for the purpose for which it was constructed and will continue to parallel the same exercise .In fact, the attention of the little child was not artificially maintained by a teacher, it was an object which fixed that attention, corresponding to some internal pulse.Development of intelligenceAccording to Montessori, Intellectual development is crucial as it helps a child to know as well as explore the environment. by dint of the developing finds, a child is endowed with the necessary mechanism of interacting with the environmentDevelopment of imagery and creative thinkingImagination helps provide understanding to knowledge it is a funda cordial facility through which child makes sense of the world, and it also plays a key role in the learning process. A basic training for imagination is the listening to storytelling. The things that we touch, see and hear coalesce into a picture via our imagination. Imagination is the power of forming a mental image of something not present to the senses or never before wholly perceived in reality. That is the spiritual embryo self-constructs him to become a unified personality. This self-construction is aided internally (mentally) and externally. Internal aid includes the absorbent brainpower and the nociceptive periods.Absorbent mindMontessori observed that young children learn in a unique representation from prenatal vivification to about six years old. Since the neonatal has to learn everything, (he has no tools other than reflexes to survive)he must acquire his survival skills in some other appearance. A child absorbs knowledge directly into his psychic life. A child learns by taking in everything around him and constructs himself. Using his senses he creates himself without thought or choice. This mentality of child is absorbent mind. Montessori saw absorbent mind in two phases.Unconscious mind (0-3 yrs)At birth, the spiritual embryo has no knowledge or impression in him, it is totally empty. It has to start from nothing. At this stage the child absorbs all impressions from his environment unconsciously. (I.e. the child does not know that he has taken all this with in him) To do this he has no other tools other th an his reflexes to survey. At this point the child is like a sponge. He absorbs all developments without any filters. This process takes place by nature without any thought or choice. This is called unconscious mind or unconscious creation mind. Once these information are incorporated in his schemas, it will be end of his third year, and he has developed his mental muscles. This preparation of the unconscious mind is used for later development and activity, after three years, a trans takes place from unconscious mind to another phase called conscious mind or conscious work mind. conscious mind (3-6 yrs.)In this stage the childs ability to accent, use his energy, and capacity to absorb, information in tremendous. This helps in developing emotions and intellectual aspects. From three years of age he moves to the conscious mind using the impressions developed and created during his first three years. This memory which absorbs images into individuals life is called gifted memory or m neme. Any impedance which lessons the creativity in this age reduces the perfections. At this age they have a beneficial creative power and imagination. He learns how to understand, ability the reasons and his mathematical mind compels him, to perfect himself.Sensitive periodsMontessori observed a cognitive plan which determines the unique emotional and intellectual qualities of each child. These qualities develop through what Montessori referred to as the sensitive periods. Montessori identified six different sensitive periods from birth through age six.Sensitivity to orderDuring this period there is a need for a precise and determined environment, which can be observed by the joy which children show at seeing things in their proper places. The presence of this period is more unornamented when the order is somehow interfered with. Order is one of the needs of life which, when it is satisfied, produces a real happiness (Montessori, The concealed of Childhood. Ballantine Books, 19 73, 52).Learning through their five sensesChild is sensitized to sensory order in other words, to the difference s things, that some are soft or hard, that objects have colour, different colours, and shapes of the same colour. He needs to freely explore his inclined(p) world so he can differentiate these qualities There is nothing in the intellect which was not first in some way in the senses, and senses being explorers of the world, opens the way to knowledge. Maria Montessori.Sensitive to movementThe sensitive period for movement is most intense during the first year of life. By about twelve months many babies take their first steps. An infants need to walk is so grueling that he becomes upset if he is impeded. The childs rhythm is so much slower than our own. He walks to perfect his travel whereas we walk with purposeful intent.Sensitive to linguistic communicationDuring sensitive period for language, no one teaches the child to talk. His language develops naturally like a s pontaneous creation of all auditory stimulation surrounding the baby, it is the human voice that he deeply hears and imitates. By six months, he is uttering his first syllables, and by about two years old he explodes into language. He talks and talks non-stop.Sensitive to small objectA child has the urge to pay attention to small objects from two years of age. Sensitivity to small objects is an important development because it helps widen the childs power of observation and allows the child concentrate his intellectual power on a specific problem.Principles of Prepared purlieuThe first aim of the prepared environment is, as far as it is possible, to render the growing child independent of the adult. (Maria Montessori. The Secret of Childhood Fides Publishers, 1966.) Her life and work,cosmo publication.newdeldi,2009,p246)Montessoris idea of the prepared environment was that everything the child came in contact with would facilitate and maximize independent learning and exploration. Children are free to choose and work on activities at their own pace. There are generally six aspects, or principles, to the Prepared Environment, Freedom, Structure and Order, Beauty, Nature and reality, Social Environment, Montessori materials.FreedomMontessori believed that a child must be free to explore and follow his own natural impulses, thus developing his potential and increasing his knowledge of the world around him. Young people must have enough emancipation to allow them to act on individual initiative. But in order that individual action should be free and useful at the same time it must be restricted with certain limits and rules that come back the necessary guidance. (Montessori, M. (1994). From Childhood To Adolescence, Oxford Clio press, p73)Within the prepared environment, the child must experience freedom of movement, freedom of exploration, freedom to interact socially, and freedom from interference from others.Structure and OrderStructure and Order in the Mo ntessori classroom accurately reflect the sense of structure and order in the universe. By using the Montessori classroom environment the child begins to internalize the order surrounding him, thus making sense of the world in which he lives. If there is not order to his environment, the childs sense of reason may be off since he will not be able to validate his findings.Atmosphere and BeautyMontessori environments should be beautiful, reflect peace and tranquillity. The environment should invite the learner to come in and work. This atmosphere is easily seen by the attitude of those working there, both child and adult.Nature and RealityMontessori believed that we should use nature to inspire children. She continually suggested that Montessori teachers take the children out into nature, rather than keeping them confined in the classroom. This is why natural materials are preferred in the prepared environment. It is here where child-size real objects come into play. Furniture shoul d be child-size so the child is not dependent on the adult for his movement.Social EnvironmentAs children develop, they become more socially aware, preparing to work and play in groups. This social interaction is supported throughout the environment and is encouraged with the nature of multi-age classroom settings. A prepared environment only with a Montessori teacher becomes a whole. The children and the teacher unite to form education whole which is alive(p) and continuous process of development for both of them.Montessori materialsThe materials must aid the internal formation of the child. The material must correspond to the childs inner needs. This means that materials must be presented at the redress moment of the childs development.Periods of developmentThe four Planes (or phases) of development is an overall vision of Montessoris developmental psychology from infancy to adulthood.3 9 15 21Birth first 6 second 12 third 18fourth 24 24First period (0-6 years)This period is mar ked by quick and intense changes in the overall development physical, cognitively, socially, emotionally. Second period (6-12 years)Montessori observed changes in children focus and mission in their development. Childrens focus change from one of self-creation to the development of social being. Third period (12-18 years)Montessori regarded adolescence as a period of great vulnerability and a period of self-construction.The Role of the TeacherDr. Montessori believed that the teacher should focus on the child as a person rather than on the occasional lesson plans. Although the Montessori teacher plans daily lessons for each child, she must be alert to changes in the childs interest, progress, mood, and behaviour.ChildobserverProviderTeacher EnvironmentPreparerTeacher and child has two folds of role to play. Teacher is an observer observing the child in the environment. Preparer-prepares the genial environment for the child.Maria Montessori offered some general principles of behav iour for teachers in the Montessori classroom. The teacher becomes the custodian of the environment. All the apparatus is to be kept meticulously in order, perfect condition the teacher also must be spruce and clean, calm and dignified When the child begins to show interest in any activity, the teacher must not interrupt, because this interest corresponds with natural laws and opens up a whole cycle of new activities exist. The duty of the teacher is only to present new things when she knows that a child has exhausted all the possibilities of those he was using before.Montessori teachers are the dynamic link between children and the Prepared Environment. They systematically observe their students and interpret their needs. They are constantly experimenting, modifying the environment to catch their perceptions of each childs needs and interests, and objectively noting the result. They prepare an environment meant to facilitate childrens independence and ability to freely select wor k that they find appealing. They observe and evaluate each childs individual progress. They admire and protect their students independence. They are diagnosticians who can interpret patterns of growth, development, and behaviour in order to better understand the children and make necessary referrals and suggestions to parents.ConclusionFrom birth to adulthood a child undergoes development and transformation within him. To be able to develop themselves fully, children need a special inner tutor which Montessori referred to as absorbent mind and sensitive period. The natural laws that govern the child normal psychic developmentsduring the varies period of development are revealed during his construction. With his inner potentials, and the sensitive periods with a prepared environment and a teacher, the childhood period undergoes varies transformation. By this the child gets normalised and become an unified personality in the society.

The Count of Monte Cristo Essay Example for Free

The debate of Monte Cristo EssayI. The Count of Monte CristoII. CharactersEdmond Dants The protagonist of the novel. Dants is an intelligent, honest, and loving man who turns bitter and vengeful after he is enclose for a crime he does non commit. When Dants finds himself free and enormously wealthy, he takes it upon himself to act as the agent of Providence, rewarding those who remove helped him in his plight and punishing those responsible for his years of agony.The Count of Monte Cristo The identity Dants assumes when he emerges from prison and inherits his vast fortune. As a result, the Count of Monte Cristo is usually associated with a coldness and bile that comes from an existence based touch only on vengeance.Lord Wilmore The identity of an eccentric English nobleman that Dants assumes when committing acts of random generosity. Lord Wilmore contrasts sharply with Monte Cristo, who is associated with Dantss acts of bitterness and cruelty. Appropriately, Monte Crist o cites Lord Wilmore as one of his enemies.Abb Busoni A nonher of Dantss false personas. The disguise of Abb Busoni, an Italian priest, helps Dants gain the desire of the people whom the depend wants to manipulate because the name connotes religious authority.Sinbad the Sailor The name Dants uses as the soupcon for his anonymous gift to Morrel. Sinbad the Sailor is also the persona Dants adopts during his time in Italy.Mercds Dantss beautiful and good fiance. Though Mercds marries another man, Fernand Mondego, while Dants is in prison, she never stops loving Dants. Mercds is one of the few whom Dants twain punishes (for her disloyalty) and rewards (for her enduring love and underlying goodness).Abb Faria A priest and brilliant thinker whom Dants meets in prison. Abb Faria becomes Dantss intellectual father during their many years as prisoners, he t separatelyes Dants history, science, art, and many languages. He then bequeaths to Dants his vast hidden fortune. Abb Faria is the roughly important catalyst in Dantss transformation into the vengeful Count of Monte Cristo.Fernand Mondego Dantss rival for Mercdss affections. Mondego helps in framing Dants for treason and then marries Mercds himself when Dants is imprisoned. Through acts of imposture Mondego becomes a wealthy and powerful man and takes on the name of the Count de Morcerf. He is the first victim of Dantss vengeance.Albert de Morcerf The son of Fernand Mondego and Mercds. Unlike his father, Albert is brave, honest, and kind. Mercdss devotion to both Albert and Dants allows Monte Cristo to pull in her unchanging love for him and causes him to think more deeply ab off his sole desire for revenge.Signor Bertuccio Dantss steward. Though Bertuccio is loyal and adept, Dants chooses him as his steward not for his personal qualities but because of his vendetta against Villefort.III. SettingsThe movie takes place in a number of settings, but most of the plot occurs in Marseilles Chateau dIf, and Paris (France), Rome, the island of Monte Cristo, and Greece.IV. SummaryEdmond is sailing in French waters on with his best friend, Fernand, when their captain falls ill. They stop for help at a nearby island, which happens to be where Napolean nap is in hiding. Bonaparte pulls aside Edmond and asks him to deliver an innocent letter to an old friend in Marseille, France. Edmond agrees, as that is the price for the use of Napoleans physician. The captain unfortunately dies, so the crew returns home to Marseille. Edmond is made captain for his gallantry in seeking a physician, and the first mate comes to despise him for it.Fernand finds out about the letter, and reads it while Edmond is sleeping, and is infuriated that Edmond did not tell him about it. Edmond, not kat onceing that Fernand effs about the letter, rushes to greet his fiance, Mercedes, and tell her that they can now be married as he was just promoted to captain. This is also the point in the movie when you realize th at Fernand is in love wiht Mercedes, but she loves Edmond.Fernand, still angry, decides to work together with the furious first mate, and get Edmond arrested for treason, which he didnt commit. Fernand works also with a very important magistrate, Villefort, whos father is the man Edmond was to deliver the letter to. (Villefort does not know of this). Thus, Edmond is arrested, and thrown into a remote island prison by the name of Chateau Dif. There, he meets Priest, who teaches him many expensive lessons about life, how to sword fight, and give Edmond a proper education. All this is in turn for Edmond helping to dig, in order to escape the prison.For 13 years, Edmond is held captive in the Chateau Dif, and unknown to Edmond, a letter was sent to his family and Mercedes reflection that he was executed on grounds of treason. Finally, Edmond escapes when the priest dies, and becomes part of a crew on a merchant vessel, along with his good riend Jaccapo. After 3 months, Edmond is relea sed along with Jaccapo, and they go in search of conclusion out what has happened to Edmonds loved ones. They find out that Edmonds father commited suicide, and the Mercedes wed Fernand a month after education of Edmonds execution.Edmond has by this time (with the help of the priest while in prison) figured out that he was framed by Fernand and the others. Thus, he and Jaccapo sail to a remote island that the Priest told Edmond about, and there they find a treasure, fashioning Edmond extremely wealthy. Edmond decides to become a count in order to get revenge on those who betrayed him, so he becomes The COunt of Monte Cristo, being the treasure he found The Treasure of Monte Cristo. curtly after, he saves Fernand and Mercedes son Alber from captivity, and thus enters the lives of those he is trying to hurt like they hurt him. Mercedes begins to suspect that The Count is really Edmond, and when she confronts him privately, he denies it but slips and she realizes that he really is E dmond. Then, they kiss, and realize that they are still in love, so Mercedes goes back ot her Chateau to inform Fernand that she is leaving him, when Fernand tells her that he has gone bankrupt (which is really Edmonds doing, but he doesnt know this) and is leaving the country. (By this time, Villefort has been convicted of murdering his father and sent to jail, also doings of Edmonds). Mercedes preceds to inform Fernand that Alber is not his son, but Edmonds.Fernand becomes angry and goes out to his old, abandoned villa to collect the gold he had supposedly stolen from The Count of Monte Cristo, only to find that it is not there (Edmonds doings, again). Then, Edmond shows up, and tells Fernand where he has been all these years, and they begin a duel, only to be stopped by Mercedes and Alber. Mercedes then tells Edmond that Alber is really his son, not Fernands. Fernand then shoots Mercedes in the shoulder (she lives) and runs off. Edmond follows him and they begin sword fighting ag ain. Fibally, Edmond kills Fernand, and goes back to Mercedes and Alber and Jaccapo. At the very end, Edmond buys the Chateau Dif thanks the Priest for his wisdom and help.V. Value ImplicationThe Count of Monte Cristo is the greatest level of betrayal, adventure, and revenge the world has ever known. One of the morals in that story is what goes around comes around. The people who betrayed the count ended up by paying with their lives as he cleverly took his revenge on each one. Plus, the fact that the count actually really did find treasure and good friends (in the form of pirates) meant that he was a good person who attracted good people. Regardless of the fact that the pirates could have treated him badly and even nacreous him when he found the treasure, they didnt, they became his friends and they benefitted from his success. The main moral is that the bad deeds we do in life do not go unpunished and the good ones get rewarded.